The Elements of Graphic Design
LINE
Line, in graphic design, can be used for a wide range of purposes: stressing a word or phrase, connecting content, creating patterns and more.
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COLOR
Color is used to generate emotions, define importance, create visual interest and unify branding.
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TEXTURE
Texture relates to the surface of an object. Using texture in graphic design adds depth and visual interest. This can be applied graphically in the form of pattern or through the choice of printable surface.
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SCALE
In graphic design, Size or Scale is used to convey importance, attract attention and create contrast.
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SHAPE
Shape: The three basic shape types are Geometric (Circles, Squares, Triangles etc.), Natural (leaves, trees, people etc.) and abstract (icons, and graphic representations). Use carefully to create a visually pleasing design and eye-catching design.
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VALUE
Value is how light or dark an area looks in a design. It is everything from the darkest of blacks through to the brightest of whites. Used correctly it will create depth, contrast and emphasis.
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The Principles of Graphic Design
EMPHASIS
Emphasis is created by contrasting size, positioning, color, style, or shape. The focal point should dominate the design with scale and contrast without sacrificing the unity of the whole.
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BALANCE
CONTRAST
Contrast is the juxtaposition of opposing elements (opposite colors on the color wheel, or value light / dark, or direction - horizontal / vertical). Contrast allows us to emphasize or highlight key elements in your design.
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REPETITION
Repetition strengthens a design by tying together individual elements. It helps to create association and consistency. Repetition can create rhythm (a feeling of organized movement)
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PROXIMITY
Proximity creates relationship between elements. It provides a focal point. Proximity doesn’t mean that elements have to be placed together, it means they should be visually connected in someway.
ALIGNMENT
Alignment allows us to create order and organization. Aligning elements allows them to create a visual connection with each other and helps with readability.
HEIRARCHY
Hierarchy - A good design contains elements that lead the reader through each element in order of its significance. The type and images should be expressed starting from most important to the least important.